Which historical figure created a policing system to protect against Indian and Bandit raids?

The correct answer is Stephen F. Austin. He is recognized for establishing the first organized law enforcement system in Texas in the early 19th century. Austin was instrumental in developing a policing system that focused on protecting settlers from Indian and bandit raids during a time of significant unrest and conflict.

His efforts included forming a militia to safeguard the community, which recognized the need for a structured response to criminal threats and external dangers. This foundation laid the groundwork for future law enforcement practices in the region.

Other historical figures mentioned, while influential in their own right, were not specifically known for creating policing systems in direct response to Indian and bandit threats. Sir Robert Peel is associated with the establishment of modern policing concepts in England. August Vollmer is known for reforming police practices in the early 20th century in America, and William Bratton is recognized for innovations in policing in urban areas in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Their contributions are significant but do not specifically relate to the early protective measures against raids as established by Austin.